Steam-hammer.



Patnted June '7, 1910 2 BEEETS-SHEET 1.

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F. G. GASGHB.

STEAM HAMMER.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 2, 1908.

960;,891 Patented June 7, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

% PATNT FFEQE.

FERDINAND G. GASGI-IE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-HAMMER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND G. Gasorrn, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook, State of Illi nois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Hammers, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

My invention relates to steam hammers, and its principal objectis toprovide a new and improved construction which will prevent or lessenthe'liability of breakage in the shaft or rod which connects the steamham mer with the steam operating cylinder.

As is well known, in the operating of steam hammers the rod upon whichthe head or ram is mounted and by which it is operated is very apt underthe great strain of the operation to break, and these breakages arearticularly likely to occur at the top sur ace of the head or ram justwhere the rod enters the socket in the head into which it is driven.These breakages at this point are caused by the fact that in theoperation of the hammer the article which is being hammered, eitherbecause of its shape, or because of its position, is apt to lie notdirectly below the center of gravity of the hammer head. This causes atendency of the hammer to rock slightly in its sliding bearings whichcauses a strain at the point where the rod enters the hammer head at thetop, causing breakages to occur at that point.

It is the principal object of my invention to provide a nowand improvedhammer and connecting rod, by which, as has been said, these breakagesmay be prevented or their liability to occur very much lessened.Generally speaking, I accomplish this object by enlarging the opening inthe hammer he d into which the rod is driven for a consid erabledistance below the top so as to form an annular space around the shaftof the rod extending some distance down into the head,-preferably fromone-third of the way down to a point near the center of gravity of thehammer head. As the hammer head therefore rocks slightly to one side orthe other for the reason above stated, the strain will be much less uponthe rod at the point of its solid connection with the hammer head.

My invention has for a further object to Specification of LettersPatent.-

Application filed January 2, 1908.

Patented June 7, 1910. Serial No. 408,905.

provide the improvements in hammers hereinafter pointed out.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially in verticalsection, to show the bearing guides and their connection with theframework. Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical. section on line 33 of F i9. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail,being a surface view of one of the guides, partly broken away. Fig. 5 isan enlarged'detail, being a front view of one of the distance blocks,also broken away. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the distance block, alsobroken away.

8 indicates the base on which is supported a suitable die, as 9, uponwhich the thing to be hammered is placed.

10 indicates framework of suitable form and construction, mounted uponthe base 8.

11 indicates the steam cylinder by which the hammer is operated andwhich is of any well-known form and construction, and is supported inthe usual manner in the frame work 10.

12 indicates distance blocks which are slightly beveled so that theiropposing sur faces approach gradually toward one another from the bottomtoward the top, and which are provided with notches 13 and slots 14through which the bolts hereinafter provided for pass for securing theparts together.

15 indicates guides which are sloped upon their rear faces so as tonarrow in thickness from the top toward the bottom, as is best shown inFig. 2, which bevel corresponds with the bevel of the distance blocks 12so that when the parts are placed in position the opposing bearingblocks,one upon each side,-may have their opposing faces between whichthe hammer slides parallel with each other throughout.

The guides 15 and distance blocks 12 are secured to the frame work bybolts 16 which pass through the notches 13 and slots 14 and have theirheads sunk into the outer surface of the guides 15. The notches 13 andslots 14 are of suiiicient length to permit of suitable longitudinalmovement of the distance blocks 12, by means of which, by moving thedistance blocks either up or down, the dis tance between the opposingsurfaces of the guides 15 may be slightly diminished or increased andthereby adjusted to the hammer.

The guides 15 are provided near their upper ends with shoulders 15 whichare supported by corresponding shoulders 23 in the frame, as is bestshown in Fig. 4, which supports them against downward movement.

17 indicates blocks which are bolted to the framework by suitable bolts18 whose heads are countersunk in the blocks 17.

hen fixed in position, the lower ends of blocks 17 rest upon the tops ofthe guides 15 and serve to lock them firmly in position against theshoulders 23. -The distance blocks 12, guides 15, and blocks 17 are allmounted within a suitable recess upon each side of the f amc, as is bestshown in Fig. 2.

19 indicates tongues, preferably wedge shaped in section, upon theworking faces of the guides 15, extending longitudinally of said guidesand vertically in the machine.

The opposing working faces of the guides 15, which, as has been saidabove, are parallel with each other throughout, are smooth in order toeffect a close but sliding contact with the corresponding faces of thehammerhead hereinafter described. The tongues 19 cooperate withcorrespondingly formed grooves in the hammer-head hereinafter described.

20 indicates a hammer-head which is slidingly mounted between the guides15 with the tongue 19. entering a correspondinglyshaped groove extendinglongitudinally of each side of the hammer-head.

Upon each side of the longitudinal groove in the hammer-head the facesof the hamlner are smooth and parallel with each other throughout andparallel with the working faces of the guides 15, and the hammer-head isof such a size as to fit snugly but with a close sliding contact on theplane faces of the guides 15, whereby the hannner-head slides up anddown with its plane faces bean ing on the plane faces of the guides andis restrained from lateral movement by the cooperation of the tongue andgroove.

It will be obvious that by this construction the parts are easily puttogether and the guides may be readily removed, when worn, by theunfastcning of the bolts and the removal of the blocks 17. It is obviousalso that this may be done without removing the hammcr-head from itsnormal position; for when the blocks 17 are removed and the bolts 16loosened and removed, the distance blocks 12 may be moved downwardsufficiently to give play of the parts and then the guides may be liftedout of posit-ion and easily removed. hen it. is desired to replace newguides, it will be obvious that they can be placed in position withoutremoving the hammerhead from its normal position; for the new guides mayhe slid into position, adjusted to properly engage the hammer-head bydriving up the distance blocks and thus forcing the guides toward eachother against the hammer-head, and the blocks 17 may be again placed inposition.

The hammer-head is bored centrally for the reception of the shaft orhammer rod 21. The upper portion of the central bore of the hammer ismade larger than the rod 21 so that when the rod is in position therewill be an annular space around it. This enlarged portion of the boreextends downward for say from onethird of the length of the hammer-headto about the center of gravity thereof. The lower portion of the boregradually diminishes in size and is of a size to permit the tapered endof the hammer shaft or rod 21 to be forcibly driven into it so as toafford a rigid and firm connection between the rod and the hammerhead.

22 indicates openings, one upon each side of the hammer-head, near thebottom of the enlarged portion of the bore thereof, rendering the lowerportion thereof accessible.

The rod 21. connects with the usual piston in the cylinder 11.

hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.In a hammer, the combination with a frame, guides mounted in said frameand having plane bearing surfaces adapted to sustain normal pressuresindependent of the constraint of surfaces in other planes on saidguides, of a hammer head slidingly mounted between said guides andhaving plane bearing surfaces, and coacting tongues and grooves on saidhammer head and guides adapted to prevent lateral movement of thepart-s.

2. In a hammer, the combination with a frame, guides removably mountedin said frame and supported against downward movement but adapted to beslid upward on said frame, and a hammerhead slidingly mounted betweensaid guides, of blocks removably mounted in said frame and when inposition bearing against the tops of said guides to prevent upwardmovement thereof.

3. In a hammer, the combination with a frame, guides slidingly mountedin said frame and having inclined rear surfaces, coacting shoulders onsaid guides and frame adapted to support said guides in position againstdownward movement, wedge-shaped distance blocks adjustably mountedbetween said frame and said guides, and a hammer-head slidingly carriedbetween said guides, of blocks removably mounted on said frame andadapted when in position to bear upon the upper ends of said guides toprevent upward movement thereof.

FERDINAND G. GASCHE.

Witnesses CHARLES E. PIGKARD, WILLIAM. H. De Brisk.

